When Darius, son of Xerxes, was ruling, Daniel knew that the desolation of Jerusalem and exile of the Israelites would last 70 years. He appealed to the Lord during this time.
BSF Study Questions Exile & Return: A Time to Build Lesson 7, Day 2: Daniel 9:1-3
3a) Daniel was a chosen prophet of the Lord. The Lord gave him visions. The Lord could interpret others’ dreams. He was a high-ranking official in the king’s household. He was well educated. He had a heart for the people and the Lord. God gave knowledge and understanding of all kinds of literature and learning. And Daniel could understand visions and dreams of all kinds.
b) He had seen what God could do. He knew God answered prayers. He knew the power of faithfulness and prayer. He knew God in heaven reveals mysteries. He knew God could do anything, was omnipotent, and in charge of the world. In sum, he knew God.
4a) He keeps bringing me back to daily Bible study despite my busy life. It grounds me, gives me faith, courage, and hope that everything in this world will work out for the good of all, and I don’t have to worry because God has got it. It makes daily living a bit easier.
b) God listens, God answers. God will work all things for good for those who trust in Him.
c) It definitely inspires me by giving me an example of what a life centered in Christ looks like and the results of such a life. I’m inspired to pray more, lean on God more, and live out God’s purposes for my life.
Conclusions BSF Study Questions Exile & Return: A Time to Build Lesson 7, Day 2: Daniel 9:1-3
Love how Daniel is never afraid to go to the Lord with his requests, needs, and with his heart. And, he’s praying for others, too. Daniel is most definitely a faithful servant of the Lord.
End Notes BSF Study Questions Exile & Return: A Time to Build Lesson 7, Day 2: Daniel 9:1-3
This was about when Daniel was 80 years old, so it would have been around 538 BC.
Daniel studied the scriptures and built his life on the word of God. He prayed God’s promises.
Effective prayer is from knowing and praying God’s Word and our present circumstances.
Daniel is praying for the 70 years to begin sooner rather than later. So to start in 605 B.C. when Jerusalem was attacked and Daniel and others were taken captive to Babylon.
Remember, the exile took place in waves:
597 B.C. – Jerusalem was attacked, and treasure was taken from the temple.
587 B.C. – Jerusalem falls, and the nation was exiled.
Daniel approached God with determination. He knew God answered prayers and his prayer was in alignment with God’s will. He asked God to fulfill His promises.
END NOTES SUMMARIZED
Daniel 9:1-3 sets the stage for a profound prophecy by highlighting the interplay between Scripture, understanding, and prayer.
The interpretation of its key elements is as follows:
The Catalyst is Scripture: In his old age, Daniel is diligently studying the writings of the prophet Jeremiah. This reveals that the foundation for this event is not a new vision, but a deep engagement with God’s pre-existing written Word.
Understanding God’s Timetable: From his study, Daniel understands that the prophesied 70-year exile for Jerusalem is nearing its end. He discerns that God’s plan for judgment and restoration operates on a specific timeline.
Prayer as the Response to Promise: Daniel’s realization does not lead to passive waiting. Instead, the promise of restoration drives him to his knees. This reveals a crucial principle: God’s promises are meant to be the basis and motivation for fervent prayer, not a substitute for it.
A Posture of Humility: Daniel approaches God not with demands, but in fasting, sackcloth, and ashes. This demonstrates that he understands the exile was due to sin, and any restoration would be an act of God’s mercy, which must be sought with a humble and repentant heart.
In essence, these verses reveal a powerful model for faith. They teach that understanding God’s promises in Scripture is not a call to passive waiting, but a catalyst for active, humble, and fervent prayer, through which believers participate in the unfolding of God’s sovereign plan.
Gabriel, an angel and a frequent messenger in the Bible, was instructed by Jesus to explain the vision. He explains the vision is about the End Times.
The two-horned ram that you saw represents the kings of Media and Persia.The shaggy goat is the king of Greece, and the large horn between its eyes is the first king.The four horns that replaced the one that was broken off represent four kingdoms that will emerge from his nation but will not have the same power.
Another king will arise. He will become very strong, but not by his own power. He will cause astounding devastation and will succeed in whatever he does. He will destroy those who are mighty, the holy people. He will destroy many and take his stand against the Prince of princes. Yet he will be destroyed, but not by human power.
Daniel was worn out and exhausted from what he saw. Then he went about the king’s business.
BSF Study Questions Exile & Return: A Time to Build Lesson 6, Day 5: Daniel 8:15-27
12a) Media and Persia and Greece
b) Earthly kingdoms will fade away.
c) God will destroy the kingdoms forever. This gives me hope that despite all the evil surrounding us that God will prevail.
13) God is trustworthy. God is sovereign. God is in control. God uses today’s evil systems to work His plan and His good.
14) I pray that God has got them. That they have peace in God and in their troubles. That they have the strength to persevere in their faith for him. That they use Daniel’s example of how to cope with persecution. That they survive.
Conclusions BSF Study Questions Exile & Return: A Time to Build Lesson 6, Day 5: Daniel 8:15-27
I love how God leads us and doesn’t totally leave us in the dark. This helps us to better follow Him when we have some understanding of what He is saying.
End Notes BSF Study Questions Exile & Return: A Time to Build Lesson 6, Day 5: Daniel 8:15-27
Ulai is a river in Persia. Here is a map of Susa and the Ulai Canal.
Though this prophecy was fulfilled with the Medo-Persian and Greek empires, this also refers to the End Times and the Antichrist.
Sealing of the vision refers to the fact that this is prophecy and would take place far in the future.
Daniel was most likely overwhelmed because he just couldn’t understand how God could allow such a travesty and evil to happen. Yet, he still had a job to do, and he did it.
Note the term “son of man” here refers to Daniel, a literal son of a man. You see this in Ezekiel, too (Ezekiel 2:1, 3; 3:1, 10; 4:16; 6:2; 7:2; 11:2)
END NOTES SUMMARIZED
Daniel 8:15-27 is the angel Gabriel’s direct interpretation of the preceding vision, revealing a specific and terrifying period of future persecution against God’s people.
The interpretation of its key elements is as follows:
The Empires Identified: Gabriel explicitly confirms the identities of the beasts. The two-horned ram is the Medo-Persian Empire, and the goat is the Greek Empire. The goat’s first great horn is its first king, Alexander the Great, whose empire is then divided into four kingdoms.
A Profile of the Antagonist: The interpretation focuses on the “little horn,” identifying him as a cunning, cruel, and blasphemous king (historically Antiochus IV Epiphanes) who will rise from one of the Greek kingdoms. He will persecute the “holy people” and halt the daily sacrifices in the Temple.
A Supernatural Conflict: The interpretation frames this as a spiritual battle. The king becomes powerful “not by his own power” and is ultimately destroyed “but not by human power.” This reveals that the conflict is a direct confrontation between a supernaturally empowered tyrant and the “Prince of princes” (God).
A Sobering Prophecy: The vision is so disturbing in its detail of future suffering that Daniel is left physically ill. It is a sobering look at a coming tribulation for the faithful, but it carries the ultimate hope that the persecutor’s reign is limited and his destruction is guaranteed by God Himself.
Daniel describes another vision he has. He saw a ram with two long horns. One of the horns was longer than the other but grew up later. The ram charged toward the west, north, and south. No animal could stand against it, and none could rescue from its power. It did as it pleased and became great.
Then a goat with a horn between its eyes appeared. It charged the ram, attacked it, and shattered its horns. The ram was powerless to stand against it; the goat knocked it to the ground and trampled on it, and none could rescue the ram from its power.The goat became very great, but at the height of its power, the large horn was broken off, and in its place four prominent horns grew up toward the four winds of heaven.
Out of one of them came another horn, which started small but grew in power.It grew until it reached the host of the heavens, and it threw some of the starry host down to the earth and trampled on them.It set itself up to be as great as the commander of the army of the Lord; it took away the daily sacrifice from the Lord, and his sanctuary was thrown down.Because of rebellion, the Lord’s people and the daily sacrifice were given to it. It prospered in everything it did, and truth was thrown to the ground.
A holy one asked how long till the vision is fulfilled. It will take 2,300 evenings and mornings; then the sanctuary will be reconsecrated.
BSF Study Questions Exile & Return: A Time to Build Lesson 6, Day 4: Daniel 8:1-14
9) Here, Daniel describes another vision he has. He saw a ram with two long horns. One of the horns was longer than the other but grew up later. The ram charged toward the west, north, and south. No animal could stand against it, and none could rescue from its power. It did as it pleased and became great. Then a goat with a horn between its eyes appeared. It charged the ram, attacked it, and shattered its horns. The ram was powerless to stand against it; the goat knocked it to the ground and trampled on it, and none could rescue the ram from its power.The goat became very great, but at the height of its power, the large horn was broken off, and in its place four prominent horns grew up toward the four winds of heaven.
Out of one of them came another horn, which started small but grew in power.It grew until it reached the host of the heavens, and it threw some of the starry host down to the earth and trampled on them.It set itself up to be as great as the commander of the army of the Lord; it took away the daily sacrifice from the Lord, and his sanctuary was thrown down.Because of rebellion, the Lord’s people and the daily sacrifice were given to it. It prospered in everything it did, and truth was thrown to the ground.
In Daniel 7, he saw:
Daniel had a dream/vision of beasts that came up from the sea.
The first beast was like a lion, and it had the wings of an eagle. Its wings were torn off, and it was lifted from the ground so that it stood on two feet like a human being, and the mind of a human was given to it.
The second beast looked like a bear. It was raised up on one of its sides, and it had three ribs in its mouth between its teeth. It was told, ‘Get up and eat your fill of flesh!’
The third beast looked like a leopard. And on its back it had four wings like those of a bird. This beast had four heads, and it was given authority to rule.
The fourth beast—terrifying and frightening and very powerful. It had large iron teeth; it crushed and devoured its victims and trampled underfoot whatever was left. It was different from all the former beasts, and it had ten horns.
Another horn appeared and uprooted other horns. The horn had eyes and a mouth that spoke.
Daniel then saw God (the Ancient of Days) on his throne. A river flowed before him he was attended by thousands.
The beast was then slain. The other beasts were stripped of authority.
Then Daniel saw Jesus (the Son of Man). He was given authority, glory, and sovereign power; all nations and peoples of every language worshiped him. His dominion is an everlasting dominion that will not pass away, and his kingdom will never be destroyed.
The difference:
The vision in Daniel 7 is a broad overview of four monstrous gentile empires (including Babylon and Rome) rising from the chaotic sea, spanning all of history until the Son of Man’s final judgment.
Daniel 8 is more focused. It uses specific sacrificial animals (a ram and a goat) to detail only the Medo-Persian and Greek empires. Its climax is not the end of the world, but the specific persecution of Israel and the desecration of the Jerusalem Temple.
10) These verses depict a shift from earthly chaos to the ultimate authority of the heavenly court. The “Ancient of Days” (God the Father) takes His seat as the eternal and righteous Judge. The symbols of fire, the white throne, and the opened books signify that a time of final, divine judgment has come. The most arrogant and blasphemous earthly power (the fourth beast) is judged and utterly destroyed, demonstrating God’s absolute sovereignty over all human history.
11) Suffering is temporary and temporal while we are here on Earth. God is in control, and one day, we won’t suffer at all.
This truth raises profound and difficult questions. Hearts might cry out, “If God is good and in control, why must His people suffer at all?” Minds might grapple with the purpose, asking, “Why allow this pain if the end is already determined?” This leads to the most pressing question for those in the midst of trial: “How can I endure until the promised limit is reached?” It forces a struggle between trusting God’s sovereignty and the painful reality of suffering.
Conclusions BSF Study Questions Exile & Return: A Time to Build Lesson 6, Day 4: Daniel 8:1-14
Amazing how Daniel had visions and shared them with all Christians to come, to give us hope that suffering is not forever, and God does win in the end.
End Notes BSF Study Questions Exile & Return: A Time to Build Lesson 6, Day 4: Daniel 8:1-14
Map of Susa:
Courtesy Wikipedia
The ram represents the Meso-Persian Empire, which is the empire that conquered Babylon. A ram was a symbol of Persia.
The different sizes of the horns represent the different empires. Persia was larger than the Medes and emerged after the Medes.
The Greeks rose from the west suddenly under Alexander the Great. Their enemy was the Persians, whom they often fought and eventually defeated. Alexander died, and his kingdom was divided 4 ways.
Because of Alexander the Great, who spread Greek culture and language everywhere he went, the New Testament was written in Greek.
The little horn was Antiochus IV Epiphanes, who ruled over Syria and Israel’s land under the Seleucid dynasty.
Antiochus Epiphanes fulfills exactly what these Scriptures say about him.
The host and stars are symbols used in the Old Testament for angels, kings, and leaders, or God’s people (Genesis 15:5, 22:17, 26:4), (Exodus 12:41)
The holy one speaking could be Jesus.
The 2,300 is most likely days. This is prophecy fulfilled as it conclusively happened.
END NOTES SUMMARIZED
Daniel 8:1-14 presents a symbolic vision detailing the transition of power from the Medo-Persian Empire to the Greek Empire, and the subsequent rise of a tyrannical king who persecutes God’s people.
The interpretation of its key elements is as follows:
The Ram and the Goat: The powerful two-horned ram represents the Medo-Persian Empire. It is violently conquered by a swift, one-horned goat from the west, which symbolizes the Greek Empire under the meteoric conquests of its first king, Alexander the Great (the “prominent horn”).
The Broken Horn and the Four Horns: The prominent horn breaking off at the height of its power represents Alexander the Great’s sudden death. The four horns that rise in its place symbolize the four successor kingdoms that his generals carved out of his vast empire.
The “Little Horn”: A small but arrogant horn emerges from one of the four kingdoms. This figure represents the Seleucid king Antiochus IV Epiphanes. His defining actions are blasphemous arrogance against heaven and a direct assault on the Jewish religion, specifically by stopping the daily sacrifices in the Jerusalem Temple and desecrating the sanctuary.
The Promise of Restoration: The vision concludes by revealing that this period of desecration is limited. A heavenly voice declares that after 2,300 “evenings and mornings” (a set period of time), the sanctuary will be reconsecrated, offering a firm promise of hope and eventual restoration beyond the intense suffering.
